Machine for treating leaves for binding



March 24, 1942. zAHNlSER 2,277,266

MACHINE FOR TREATING LEAVES FOR BINDING Filed Feb. 9, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 24, 1942. FNZAHNISER MACHINE FOR TREATING LEAVES FOR BINDING 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Filed Feb. 9, 1940 Patented Mar. 24, 1942 MACHINE FOR'TREATING LEAVES FOR BINDING Logan F. Zahniser, Erie, Pa., assignor to Eric I Foundry Company, Erie, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application February 9, 1940, Serial No. 318,087

11 Claims.

The-present invention is designed to improve machines for treating leaves so that they may be more readilyassembled and bound together in the making of books or similar articles.

The invention is particularly useful in preparing'leaves that-are to be bound'in assemblies through the use of a binding material that adheres to the leaves of the assembly and forms not only the securing means, but hinges the leaves one with another.

In order that a bond may be achieved between the binding material and the individual leaves of the assembly may be firmly united, the machine of the present invention removes a portion ofeach leaf on one face thereof along the edge, preferably in a manner that loosens the fiber along the thinned edge, and also preferably in a manner that will finely serrate the exposed edge.

' The thinning of the edges of each leaf through the machine of this invention provides several definite advantages, among which are:

' A slight opening is provided for definite penetration of the binding material.

' The glazed surface of the face of the leaf is removed and this provides for a-more certain union with, and some possible penetration into, the paper itself.

The bond is made on the faces of the leaves so that the bond has greater resistance to separation in the ordinary direction of pull of the leaves.

Thefibers of the edge of the leaf areloosened, thus permitting some penetration of the adhesive directly into the paper stock and providing a more certain bond.

The serrations "give a greater bonding surface and a better bonding edge thanis accomplished by a plane surface at the edge of the assembly.

By using an elastic cement, theassembly may be hinged between any two leaves'an'd the opening of the assembly affords a practically fiat arrangement of the leaves from the hinge out wardly.

The leaves prepared by the machine of the present invention may be readily assembled and bound cheaply, as compared to sewing, at the same time giving great durability and strength.

Features and details of the invention will appear'more fully from the specification and claims.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Fig. lshows aside elevation, partly in section, on the line in Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 shows a wiring diagram.

Fig. 3 a front elevation of the machine, a part being broken away to better show construction.

Fig. 4 a detail of the clamp actuating mechanism.

Fig. 5 an enlarged view of a leaf edge operated upon by the machine.

Fig. 6 an end view of a leaf assembly.

Fig. 7 a perspective view showing the manner of applying the adhesive.

shows a treated leaf with a thinned and loosened edge 2 and serrations 3, these being shown in magnified form at the center of Fig. 5. The loosened fibers are indicated at 4. The binding adhesive or cement 5 is bonded to the completed leaf assembly.

The adhesive may be applied in any convenient manner. As shown, the assembled edges are arranged at S in Fig. '7, and the adhesive is applied with a brush 1. Ordinarily two coats of adhesive are applied, one having desirable bonding qualities and the second layer strengthening the union formed by the adhesive.

The scoring apparatus is mounted on a table H). A frame carries the apparatus. A shaft I2 is mounted in bearings IS on the frame The shaft carries a wire brush [4, the brush being preferably of sufiicient length to score an entire leaf assembly'at one pass. A grooved pulley I5 is arranged on the shaft l2 and a belt 5 conveys power to the shaft from a pulley IT. The pulley i1 is driven by a motor |8 on the table I0. A platen I9 is arranged in front of the brush. It is mounted on two rods 20. The rods 2!] are slidingly carried in guide bearings 2|.

A pitman 22 is secured to a bracket 23 by a pin 24, the bracket extending from the platen IS. The lower end of the pitman is journaled on a crank pin 25 extending from a crank 26. The crank'26 is carried by a shaft 21 extending from a reduction gear 28 arranged on a motor 29, the motor 29 being secured to the frame "A clamping plate 30 is arranged above the platen. It is carried by rods 3|, these rods extending through perforations in the platen and extensions 32 on brackets 33, the brackets being secured on the platen. Heads 34 are secured on the lower ends of the rods 3|, and springs 35 are arranged around the rods and between the heads 34 and the platen. These springs are tensioned to yieldingly force the rods 3| downwardly and with them the clamp 30 with sufficient force to hold a leaf assembly in place as its edge is scored.

Contact projections 36 extend from the heads which yieldingly urges a movement of the rock scoring action still being in the same general direction with relation to the assembly edge.

The brush, it will be noted, is made up of wires having blunt ends, but are small enough to form abrasive or scoring elements. The wire brush,, acting on the edge of the leaf assembly forms minute serrations, the wires apparently deflecting and following one another to a sufficient extent to provide the grooving incident to the formation of the serrations, and, as a whole, the

edge is corrugated so that substantially the enlevers 38 to move the cams to a position to re-- tard the rods 3| as the platen assembly is low ered and consequently releases the clamp. A rod 43 operates on the opposite fend of the lever 4| from the spring 42 and extends to a pedal lever 44 pivotally mounted on a pin 46 on a bracket 41 on the table ID. A foot pad 45 is arranged on the pedal lever 44. g

In the schematic wiring diagram, Figure 2, l8 and 29 represent motors; and lines 52 and 53 are wires coming from a source of electric power. 53 represents a switch, the closing of which starts motor I 8, and energizes wires 58 and 59. Line 58 connects to one side of switch 54 and thru extension 55 to one side of switch 55. The other sides of these switches are connected by line 52 and. extension 60 to one side of motor 29, and the other side of this motor is connected to line 59. A rod 51 extends fromswitch 54-to pedal lever 44. The switch 56 has a control lever 63 which is contacted in the path of platen I9. Switch 54 is openexcept when lever 44 is depressed; and switch 56 is closed except when platen I9 is near the bottom of its movement.

In operation the leaf assembly is placed on the platen, The foot pedal 44 is depressed, removing;the cams 31 to permit the rods 3| to descend. The rodswith the clamping bar move down- Wardly under the pressure of the springs 35 into clamping position. The same movement of the pedal, operating through the rod 51 closesthe switch 54 and starts the motor 29, and the crank, operating through the pitman 22 lifts and returns the platen, making one revolution: As soon as the lever 44 is relieved by thefoot, the

switch 54 is opened, but inasmuch as the-switch; 56 is closed automatically by the release of the position. At this point the switch 56 is opened and the motor- 29 stopped.

'A guide plate 48 is carried by the frame H and locates the edge ofthe leaf assembly to be scored. The upper edge of the plate terminates just below the brush. -'It will be noted that the rear edge of the platen i9 is slightly spaced from the plate 48 so that the edge of the leaf assembly extends slightly beyond the edge of the platen IS. The clamp 30 is also slightly to the rear of the edge of the leaf assembly so that there is an exposed edge of the leaf assembly free from the clamping action;

The brush rotates as indicated by the arrow. As the leaf assembly is raised past the brush, the leaves of the assembly are slightly deflected by the action of the brush wiping and scoring theedge of the leaf assembly so that not only is the extreme edge of the leaf scored by the brush, butalso a small portion of one face along the edge of each sheet is scored and the fibers in this scored portion more or less loosened by the brush. With the return movement of the table, th brush adds to this operation slightly; the wiping and tire surface of the edge of the leaf assembly deviates from a plane surface.

Preferably the brush is housed in a chamber 49 which has a discharge pipe 50 which carries off theabraded' material. The front opening of the chamber 49 is closed by a plate 5| which is carried by the clamp 30.

What I claim as new is:

' 1. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a fiber loosening abrading means; a holder for a leaf assembly adapted to hold an assembly edge in abutting relation to the abrading means; a guide for positioning the assembly on the holder, said holder providing a backing for the assembly substantially uniformly spaced from the edge of the assembly as positioned by the guide and mechanism for effecting a surface engagement and relative movement of the abrading means and an edge of a leaf assembly substantially in the plane of the edge.

2. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of an abrading means; a holder adapted for holding an assembly, the holder engaging a portion of the leaf assembly spaced from the edge thereof providing free edges of the leaves and adapted to hold the leaf assembly with an edge in abutting relation to the abrading means; a guide for the assembly spacing the edge of the assembly substantially uniformly from the holder and mechanism for effecting engagement and relative movement of the abrading means and a leaf assembly progressively crosswise of the edge of the assembly. I

. 3. In a leaf treating machine, the'combination of a rotating abrading Wheel; a holder for a leaf assembly; a guide for positioning the assembly on the holder, said guide and holder being related to position a leaf assembly with an edge in abutting relation to the abrasive surface of the wheel and uniformly spaced from the holder; and mechanism for effecting engagement and rela tive movement of the peripheral surface of the wheel and an edge of the assembly substantially in the plane of the edge. i

4. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of arotating abrading wheel; a holder adapted for holding an assembly; a guide for positioning the assembly with the holder engaging a. portion of the leaf assembly spaced substantially uniformly from the edge thereof providing free edges of the leaves, the holder being adapted to hold the leaf assembly with an edge in abutting relation to the abrading means; and mechanism for effectingengagement and relative movement of the peripheral surface of the abrading means and a leaf assembly progressively crosswise of the edge of the assembly;

5. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a clamp for securing the leaf assembly on the support;an abrading means; mechanism reciprocating the means and support relatively to each other; and devices automatically setting the clamp with each complete reciprocation.

6. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a clamp for securin the leaf assembly on the support leaving a substantially uniform strip of the assembly along the edge exposed; an abrading means engaging the exposed edge of the assembly; mechanism for reciprocating the means and support relatively to each other and with the abrading means in engagement with the exposed edge; and control devices controlling the reciprocating mechanism comprising devices automatically stopping the mechanism at the completion of a cycle of the machine.

7. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a clamp for securing the leaf assembly on the support leaving a substantially uniform strip of the assembly along the edge exposed; an abrading means engaging the exposed edge of the assembly; mechanism for reciprocating the means and support relatively to each other with the means in engagement with the exposed edge; and control devices for starting the reciprocating mechanism comprising means automatically setting the clamp and automatically stopping the reciprocation at the completion of a cycle.

8. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a clamp for securing the leaf assembly on the support leaving a substantially uniform strip of the assembly along the edge exposed; an abrading means for engaging the exposed edge of the assembly; mechanism for reciprocating the means and support relatively to each other with the means in engagement with the exposed edge; and control devices starting the reciprocating mechanism comprising means automatically setting the clamp with the starting of each cycle of operation and automatically opening the clamp and stopping the mechanism at the completion of a cycle.

9. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a spring actuated clamp for securing the leaf assembly on the support leaving a substantially uniform strip of the assembly along the edge exposed; an abrading means for engaging the exposed edge of the assembly; mechanism for reciprocating the means and support relatively to each other with the abrading means in engagement with the exposed edge; and means opening the clamp at the end of a cycle.

10. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a clamp for securing a leaf assembly on the support leaving a substantially uniform strip of the assembly along the edge exposed; a rotating abrading wheel in position to abrade the exposed edge of the leaf assembly on the support; mechanism for reciprocating the support and brush relatively to each other with the peripheral surface of the ab-rading means in engagement with the exposed edge; a motor driving the reciprocating means; a primary control means controlling the motor starting the motor initially; a secondary control means thrown into action by the reciprocating mechanism to continue the action of the motor through a cycle, and devices making the secondary means ineffective automatically at the completion of the cycle.

11. In a leaf treating machine, the combination of a leaf assembly support; a rotating abrading wheel adjacent the support adapted to abrade a leaf assembly on the support; mechanism for reciprocating the support with the peripheral surface of the abrading wheel in engagement with an edge of the leaf assembly; an electric motor driving the mechanism; primary and secondary switches for the motor, the primary switch being manually controlled to start the motor; devices automatically controlled by the reciprocation of the mechanism to close the secondary switch after the starting movement of the mechanism; and a clamp closed with each operation, said mechanism comprising means opening the clamp at the completion of the cycle and opening the secondary switch LOGAN F. ZAI-INISER. 

